Selecting mechanism for key operated machines



4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR,

sEYED KHALIL S. KHALIL Jan. 3, 1961 SELECTING vwuacmmrsm FOR KEY OPERATED MACHINES Filed Feb. 7, 195s ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1961 2,966,981

sELEcTING MECHANISM FOR .KEY OPERATED MACHINES Filed Feb. 7, 1958 K s. KHALIL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1N VENTOR ATTORNEY SEYED KHALH.

@Bmw

mw 0 KmlaD www H.

Jan. 3, 1961 2,966,981

SELECTING MECHANISM FOR KEY QPERATED MACHINES Filed Feb. 7, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR SEYED KHALI L ATTORNEY Hf HH S. KHALIL Jan. 3, 1961v SELECTING MEcHANIsM FOR KEY `oPEmfrxsD MACHINES Filed Feb. 7. 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ,.mtz: mo... moz/Pm s MMT INVENTOR SEYED KHAL'IL h E mM/@ 55%210 mm3 Ego; ,oz

SELECTING MECHANISM FOR KEY OPERATED MACHINES Seyed Khalil, Hotel Monterey, Broadway at 94th St., New York, N .`Y.l

Filed Feb. 7, 1958, Ser. No. 713,987

v35 Claims. (Cl. 197-84) This invention relates to a selecting mechanism applicable to typing machines as well as machines of other kinds.

Among the important uses of this invention is its application to variable spacing typewriters. The principal problems encountered in the development of variable spacing typewriters have involved not only the spacing mechanism but also the selecting mechanism which correlates the spacing mechanism with the typing mechanism.

Accordingly, it is among the objectsy of this invention to provide a selecting mechanism which will be applicable to many types of spacing mechanisms. An eX- ample of the spacing mechanism to which the present invention is applicable is that described in the copending applicaiton Serial No. 467,457, filed November 8, 1954, in the name of the present inventor, now Patent No. 2,872,014.

Variable spacing typewriters have been designed in accordance with a number of various systems, one of which contemplates four different values of space units, namely, two space units, three space units, four space units, and ve space units. In accordance with this system, the lower case letter i will occupy two space units, the upper case letter i will occupy two space units, the lower case letter s will occupy three space units, the upper case letter S will occupy three space units, the lower case letter w will occupy four space units, and the upper case letter W will occupy tive space units, as examples of characters occupying the various numbers of space units contemplated.

The prior art mechanisms for imparting movement to the carriage to correspond with each of these space units each time a typing operation is effected, have been very complicated rendering them expensive, bulky, dini cult to assemble and costly to maintain.

By way of contrast, the present invention provides a selecting mechanism which is relatively simple, inexpensive, and relatively thin adapting it for installation in typewriters of known design with a minimum of modification. By virtue of the simplicity characterizing the present invention it is very easy to assemble and requires a minimum of maintenance.

It is among the objects of the present invention to provide in a variable spacing typewriter having a frame, a carriage slidably mounted on the frame, feed mechanism for advancing the-carriage, a keyboard including typing keys and a shift key, a plurality of type bars movable in arcuate paths and operated by the typing keys respectively, each of the type bars carrying an actuator and a plurality of spaced characters, the characters possessing different space unit values, and a shift mechanism operated by the shift key for moving the type bars as a unit be- -tween a plurality of positions relative to the frame; a

plurality of selective bars equal in number to the numberY of said space unit values, a force transmitting element for each of the positions of each of the type bars disposed in one of the arcuate paths for engagement with aaeaesi Patentedy Jan. 3, 1961 the actuators and connected with one of the selective bars, and a link connecting each selective bar with the feed mechanism to effect carriage movements corresponding to the space unit values of the characters respectively. The type bars are preferably pivoted about centers lying in an arc and the force transmitting elements corresponding to one of the positions lie in an identical arc. It is also preferable that the force transmitting elements corresponding to the plurality of positions respectively lie in equal arcs eccentrically arranged. Each type bar preferably carries two spaced characters but the invention contemplates that a larger number of spaced characters be used. The force transmitting elements common to each type bar are preferably disposed in vertical alignment. The link and selective bar connections are preferably characterized by different degrees of mechanical advantage respectively. Certain of the force transmitting elements common to a type bar may be connected to the same selective bar in the case of certain characters While certain of the force transmitting elements common to a type bar may be connected to different selective bars in connection with others of the characters. In a preferred form of the invention, there are four selective bars corresponding to space unit values of 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. An abutment carried by the frame preferably limits the movement of the selective bars in one directionV and biasing means preferably urges the selective bars towards the abutment. The selective bars are preferably pivotally mounted on a common axis. The type bars are preferably pivotally mounted in a segment mounted behind the keyboard, the segment containing a slot serving to guide each type bar, and the selective bars are preferably disposed behind the segment. A plurality of the force transmitting elements are preferably disposed behind the segment slots respectively, for each of the positions of the type bars. Since there is more than one character corresponding to each value of space units, each of the selective bars is connected to a plurality of the force transmitting elements. The type bars are preferably pivoted about centers lying in an arc, and the actuator of each type bar is preferably disposed close to its center to provide a relatively wide space to receive force transmitting elements of adequate size and strength. The force transmitting elements are preferably connected with the selective bars by members assuming a plurality of different configurations and certain of such members extend behind certain of the selective bars a distance exceeding the movement of the selective bars.

In one of its aspects, the present invention contemplates a variable spacing typewriter comprising a frame, a carriage, a typing mechanism including type bars bearing characters, means for actuating and shifting the type bars, a feed mechanism including a plurality of selective bars each imparting a different degree of motion to the carriage and carrying force transmitting followers equal in number to the number of characters, and means con nected with the typing mechanism actuating one of the followers during each typing action.

In another of its aspects, the invention contemplates a key operated machine comprising a frame, a plurality of driven elements movably supported by the frame, a plurality of keys for selectively actuating the driven elements, a plurality of groups of actuating members interposed between and operatively connecting the keys and driven elements, and shifting means selecting any of the groups for actuation by the keys` The actuating members of each such group are preferably arranged in a row, which may be an arcuate row. In such a case,.the arcuate rows are preferably of equal radius but eccentrically disposed. i

i l o... The arcuate rows occupied by the actuating members 3 will have radii equal to that of the arc occupied by the pivots of the type bars.

A more complete understanding of the invention will follow from a description of the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a partially schematic sectional elevation depicting a portion of a typewriter embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation similar to that of Fig. l showing certain of the parts in differentV operating positions;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional elevation on a somewhat enlarged scale of certain of the parts depicted in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation, partially in section, of the apparatus of Fig. l with certain portions removed for clarity;

Figs. 5a to 5h inclusive, are fragmentary sectional elevations schematically depicting details;

Fig. 6 is a section taken along line 6--6 of Fig. l with certain of the parts removed; and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary plan view of a keyboard of a typewriter with which the present invention may be employed.

The typewriter depicted in the drawings comprises a frame a keyboard 12 provided with typing keys i4 and a shift key 16, a carriage 13 supporting a platen 29, a feed mechanism 22 diagrammatically depicted in Fig. l, a typing mechanism including type bars 24 and a selector mechanism 26 interposed between the type bars and the feed mechanism.

The keyboard depicted in Fig. 7 is provided with 42 typing keys each of which bears not only the representation of the characters which it types in upper case and lower case positions, but also the number of Space units occupied by such characters indicated by Roman numerals. dicates the number of space units occupied by the character assuming the upper case position while the lowermost Roman numeral indicates the number of space units occupied by the character assuming the lower case position. Thus for example, the key employed for typing the letter i and I indicates by the Roman numerals that each of these letters will occupy two space units.

Referring to Fig. 1, the type bar 24y bearing a lower case character 28 and an upper case character 30 is shown as advancing from its substantially horizontal rest position to the intermediate position represented in full lines and then to the typing position represented by broken lines. As indicated in this figure, the type bar 24 is supported by a segment 32 containing a slot 34 for each type bar, by means of a pivot 36. The segment provides an abutment 38 for engagement by stops 4t) formed on the type bars. Each type bar is provided with an actuator 42 disposed a short distance from its pivot 36 for imparting through the selector mechanism to the feed mechanism and carriage a degree of movement corresponding to the number of space units occupied by the character being typed. As clearly depicted in Fig. l, the position of the basket of which the type bar 24 is a part, is such that a typing action will bring a character occupying a lower case position into contact with the platen.

When the shift key i6 is depressed, the basket will be moved downwardly to a position such as that depicted in Fig. 2, whereupon as clearly shown, a typing action will produce contact between a character occupying the upper case position and the platen. The full line position of the type bar 24` in Fig. 2 depicts an intermediate position which it assumes during a typing action while the broken line position depicts the actual typing position as the character contacts the platen or the typing material supported against the platen.

Located behind the segment 32, Figs. 1 and 2 depict four selective bars 44, 46, 4S and Sti which impart to the carriage through the feed mechanism, movements cor- In each case, the uppermost Roman numeral inresponding respectively to two space units, three space units, four space units, and live space units. These selective bars, as shown in Fig. 4 are connected at their ends to levers 52 mounted on a shaft 54 for pivotal movement about its common axis. The shaft 54 is suitably supported in the frame 1li by means of screws 56 or otherwise. The lower ends of the arms 52 are shown as extending downwardly below the shaft 54 where they may be connected by suitable reinforcing elements 53. Stop pins or abutments dit project from the frame into the paths of these arms to limit their movements in one direction and the arms are biased towards these abutments by means of springs 62 whose ends are attached to the frame and the arms respectively. The arms 52 disposed at the left side of Fig. 4 are shown as having links 64 pivoted thereto at different distances from the common axis of movement of these arms about the shaft 54. The lengths of the effective lever arms thus provided can be modilied to suit the conditions encountered in a particular machine so that the movements imparted to the carriage will correspond with those required by the space units occupied by the characters to be typed. As schematically shown in Fig. 1, these links 64 will be connected with the feed mechanism by suitable extensions or additional elements 66.

in order to establish connections with the selective bar or bars required for the space unit requirements of the characters of the type bars, a force transmitting element or follower 63 is provided for the lower case position of each type bar and a force transmitting element or follower 70 is provided for the upper case position of each type bar. The several conligurations for establishing these connections have been depicted schematically in Figs. 5a to 5h inclusive, wherein the number of space units required have been indicated by the use of the numerals 2, 3, 4 and 5 in combination with the letter U denoting units.

Fig. 5a depicts the conditions required for example, for the lower case letter i requiring two space units and the upper case letter I requiring two space units. The arrangement in Fig. 5b represents the conditions required by the lower case letter l requiring two units and the upper case letter L requiring four space units. The arrangement in Fig. 5c illustrates the requirements of lower case letter s requiring three space units and the upper case letter S requiring three space units. The arrangement of Fig. 5d illustrates the requirements where the character occupying the lower case position requires three space units and the character occupying the upper case position requires two space units as in the case of the type bar carrying the numeral 8. The arrangement shown in Fig. 5e will fulfill the requirements of the lower case letter b and the upper case letter B requiring three space units and four space units respectively. The arrangement of Fig. 5f will satisfy the requirements of the type bar carrying the numeral 5 requiring in the lower case position three space units and in the upper case position iive space units. The arrangement depicted in Fig. 5g will provide four space units for the lower case letter w and iive space units for the upper case letter W. The arrangement in Fig. 5h will provide tive space units for the lower case letter m and five space units for the upper case letter M. These eight configurations will satisfy the requirements of the 42 keys illustrated in Fig. 7. The arrangement depicted in Fig. 5a is used in conjunction with six of the typewriter keys of Fig. 7. namely, those bearing F, L 1, the commas (j) the periods (g) and the colon and semi-colon (i) symbols. The arrangements of Figs. 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g and 5h accommodate respectively, two, tive, four, twenty-one, one, one, and two, of the typewriter keys of Fig. 7 in which there are forty-two keys in all. The members 72 and 72 establishing these connections between the force transmitting elements and the selective agencer bars appear in front elevation in Fig. 4 wherein they correspond from left to right to the conhgurations depicted in Figs. 5a to 5h respectively. As will be clear from the configurations depicted in Figs. 5a through 5h, the members 72 and 72 in a number of instances extend behind certain of the selective bars a distance sufficient to permit movement of those selective bars without obstruction. As will appear from the showing of Fig. 4, the lower case character force transmitting elements 63 of the several selective bars are arranged in an arcuate row corresponding to the arcuate arrangement of the actuators 42 and similarly, the upper case character force transmitting elements 70 for the various selective bars are also arranged in an arcuate row, the radii of these two arcuate rows being equal but having different centers. It will also be noted from Fig. 4 that the two force transmitting elements corresponding to each type bar are arranged in vertical alignment.

As will be clearly evident from an inspection of Fig. 6, eight separate type bars 74, 76, '78, 80, 82, 84, S6 and S8 have been depicted, corresponding from left to right to the force transmitting elements viewed from left to right in Fig. 4. The ful-l line positions of the type bars correspond with the lower case positions corresponding with the rest position of the shift key 16. When the shift key on the keyboard is depressed however, the basket will be lowered and the type bars will assume positions corresponding with those depicted by the broken lines in Fig. 6. Here again the force transmitting elements 68 and 70 have been further identified with the number of space units required by their respective type bar borne characters. The pivots of the type bars shown in Fig. 6 lie in an arc whose radius is identical with that of the arcs occupied by the two rows of force transmitting elements 68 and 70 `and by the actuators 42. These arcs are eccentrically disposed however, as will also be clearly evident from the construction lines appearing in Fig. 6.

By virtue of this arrangement, when the segment 32 is shifted downwardly from its lower case position to its upper case position, each type bar pivot will move through an equal vertical distance so that each actuator 42 will register with its force transmitting element in a precise manner. In other words, when the segment moves downward from its lower case typing position to its upper case typing position, the portion of its radial slot which was directly opposite its lower case forceA transmitting element 68 now assumes a position directly opposite its upper case force transmitting element 741 so that the actuator will accurately engage the proper force transmitting element.

As will be recognized by those skilled in the art, certain portions of the accompanying drawings have been exaggerated for purposes of emphasis and to facilitate an understanding of the invention. For example, the force transmitting elements or followers 63 and 'it depicted in Figs. 4 and 6 have been shown much wider than they would be in practice. Whereas only eight pairs of these elements appear in the drawings, a conventional typewriter would require at least forty-two pairs to accommodate its full keyboard. Accordingly, in actual practice, each of these force transmitting elements will be substantially narrower than shown, and will have approximately the same width as the actuator carried by its type bar. The length of each of these rectangular force transmitting elements will likewise substantially correspond with that of its actuator and will assume a radial direction, as illustrated, so as to assure registry with its actuator as its type bar traverses its arcuate path during a typing movement.

Whereas only one form of the present invention has een illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the many modifications that will occur to those skilled in the art are contemplated within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1,. In a variable spacing typewriter having a frame, a

6 carriage slidably mounted on said frame, feed mechanism for advancing said carriage, a keyboard including typing keys and a shift key, a plurality of type bars movable in arcuate paths and operated by said typing keys respectively, each of said type bars carrying an actuator and a plurality of spaced characters, said characters possessing differentspace unit values, and a shift mechanism operated by said shift key for moving said type bars as a unit between a plurality of positions relative to said frame; a plurality of lselective bars equal in number to the number of said space unit values, a force transmitting element for each of said positions of each of said type bars disposed in one of said arcuate paths for engagement with said actuators and connected with one of said selective bars, and a link connecting each said selective bar with said feed mechanism to effect carriage movements corresponding to the space unit values of said characters respectively.

2. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said type bars are pivoted about centers lying in an arc, and said force transmitting elements corresponding to one of said positions lie in an identical arc.

3. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim l wherein said type bars are pivoted about centers lying in an arc, and said force transmitting elements corresponding to said positions respectively lie in equal arcs eccentrically arranged.

- 4. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein each type bar carries two spaced characters.

5. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said force transmitting elements common to each type bar are disposed in vertical alignment.

6. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim l wherein said link and selective bar connections are characterized by different `degrees of mechanical advantage respectively.

7. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1-wherein certain of said force transmitting elements common to a type bar are connected to the same selective bar. i

8. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim l wherein certain of said force transmitting elements cornmon to a type bar are connected to different selective bars.

9. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein there are four selective bars corresponding to space unit values of 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively.

10. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein an abutment carried by said frame limits the movement of said selective bars in one direction, and biasing means urges said selective bars towards said abutment.

1L. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said selective bars are pivotally mounted on a common axis.

12. A variablek spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said type bars are pivotally mounted in a segment mounted behind said keyboard, said segment containing a slot serving to guide each type bar, and said selective bars are disposed behind said segment.

13. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said type bars are pivotally mounted in a segment containing a guide slot for each type bar, and a plurality of said force transmitting elements are disposed behind said slots respectively for each of said positions of said type bars.

14. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of said selectivebars is connected to a plurality of said force transmitting elements.

15. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said type bars are pivoted about centers lying in an arc, and said actuator of each type bar is disposed close to its said center. l

16. 'A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said force transmitting elements are connected with said selective bars by members assuming a plurality of different configurations.

17. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 16 whereinV certain of said members extend behind certain of said selective bars a distance exceeding the movement of said selective bars.

18. A variable spacing typewriter comprising a frame, a carriage. a typing mechanism including type bars bearing characters. means for actuating and shifting said tvpe bars. a feed mechanism including a plurality of independently movable selective bars each imparting a constant degree of motion differing from the others to said carriage and carrying force transmitting followers equal in number to the number of said characters. and means connected with said typing mechanism actuating one of said followers during each typing action.

19. ln a variable spacing typewriter having a frame, a carriage slidably mounted on said frame. feed mechanism for advancing said carriage. a basket including a plurality of pvotallv mounted tvpe bars each bearing two characters in spaced relationship, a typing mechanism including means for operating said type bars to type said characters. and a shift mechanism for shifting said basket and thereby selecting one of the two characters to be typed: a spacing actuator corresponding to each tvpe bar connected with said typing mechanism for movement in a path concurrently with its corresponding tvpe bar, a plurality of selective hars connected to said feed mechanism for imparting different degrees of motion thereto. a plurality of groups of force transmitting elements interposed between said actuators and said selective bars, and means connected to said shift mechanism effecting relative movement between said actuators and groups of force transmitting elements.

20. ln a variable spacing typewriter having a keyboard including character keys and a shift key. a shiftable basket including a plurality of tvpe bars each having a spacing actuator portion. and a carriage provided with a variable spacing mechanism; a plurality of selective bars associated with said spacing mechanism each imparting a different degree of movement to said carriage. a follower corresponding to each character of each tvpe bar. and means connecting each follower to at least one of said selective bars. the followers of certain of said tvpe bars being connected to different selective bars, each said follower lying in an arc common to a follower of each other type bar.

2l. Tn a variable spacing typewriter having a frame, a carriage slidably mounted on said frame, feed mechanism for advancing said carriage, a keyboard including typing keys and a shift key. and a plurality of tvpe bars movable in arcuate paths and operated bv said typingr keys respectively. each of said tvpe hars carrying a plurality of spaced characters, said characters possessing different space unit values; a plurality of selective bars eoual in number to the number of said space unit values. each type bar having a plurality of force transmitting elements associated therewith and connected to Said selective bars. an actuator associated with each type bar movable for selective actuation of certain of said force transmitting elements, a shift mechanism operated by said shift key imparting movement to said type bars relative to said frame and relative movement between said actuators and force transmitting elements, and a link connecting each said selective bar with said feed mechanism to effect carriage movements corresponding to the space unit values of said characters respectively.

22. A variable spacing typewriter having a frame, a carriage slidably mounted on said frame, a basket comprising a segment shiftably mounted on said frame and a plurality of type bars pivoted on said segment and carrying groups of typing characters having four different widths requiring different numbers of space units respectively, said segment having a radial slot receiving each type bar; a selector mechanism operatively mounted on said frame, said selecto-r mechanism including a plurality of selective bars equal in number to the number of said groups of typing characters, said selective bars being substantially coextensive with said segment, and actuatmg means movable through said slots for Voperating said selective bars in response to movements of said type bars.

23. A key operated machine having a frame, a plurality of operating keys mounted on said frame, a plurality of actuators operatively associated with and responsive to movement of said keys, at least two vertically spaced sets of selecto-rs mounted in said frame, a common driven member to which certain selectors of said sets are joined, and means for simultaneously shifting said actuators vertically through a distance equal to the spacing of said sets of selectors whereby said actuators assume registration with any of said sets of selectors.

24. ln a variable spacing typewriter having a frame, at least forty-two type bars each carrying an actuator mounted in said frame for movement in arcuate paths, a shift key and linkage for moving said type bars as a unit between two positions relative to said frame corresponding respectively to upper case and lower case positions, and a row of force transmitting elements carried by said frame for each of said positions of each of said type bars, the force transmitting elements of each row being arranged in an arc for registry with said actuators respectively, as said type bars traverse their arcuate paths, said force transmitting elements having rectangular surfaces with longitudinal axes radially disposed in alignment with said arcuate paths respectively, and having widths substantially corresponding with the widths of said actuators.l

25. A variable spacing typewriter comprising a frame, a carriage, a typing mechanism including a series of type bars carrying actuators, a case shifting mechanism for shifting said type bars and actuators from lower case to upper case typing positions, each of said type bars bearing lower and upper case characters, said characters having widths which are classified into four gro-ups having values respectively, of 2 space-units, 3 space-units, 4 space-units and 5 space-units, a feed mechanism including a series o-f four selective bars having values respectively of 2 space-units, 3 space-units, 4 space-units and 5 space-units, said selective bars being movably mounted independently of one another and lying across the paths of typing movement of said type bars, a series of lower case force transmitting followers corresponding to the number of said type bars, each said follower lying in the path of movement of and engageable with one of said actuators in its lower case typing position and each said follower being connected to one of said selective bars having a spaceunit value corresponding to that of the lower case character carried by the type bar engaging its follower, said followers lying in a single row, and a series of upper case force transmitting followers corresponding to the number of said type bars, each said upper case follower lying in the path of movement of and engageable with one of said actuators in its upper case typing position and each said upper case follower being connected to one of said selective bars having a space-unit value corresponding to that of the upper case character carried by the type bar engaging its follower, said upper case followers lying in a single row.

26. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein each o-f said selective bars has ends joined to a pair of arms, said arms being pivoted to said frame.

27. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 26 wherein each pair of arms has ends remote from their selective bar joined by an element to form a pivoted quadrilateral unit movable in response to force applied anywhere along the length of the selective bar.

28. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 25 whereinsaid type bars have pivots arranged in an -9 are and said actuators are disposed in an arc of equal radius eccentric to the arc of said pivots.

29. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein said actuators are disposed in an are and each series of force transmitting followers is arranged in an arc having a radius equal to that of the arc of said actuators, the arcs of said force transmitting elements being mutually eccentric.

30. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 29 wherein the vertical distance between the arcs occupied by said force transmitting followers is equal to the distance between centers of the lower case and upper case characters of said type bars.

31. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 29 wherein said actuators register with the followers of only one of said arcs at any o-ne time.

32. A typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein certain of said selective bars are connected to both the lower case and upper case force transmitting followers corresponding to a single type bar, one of said connecting members extending behind others of said selective bars.

33. A typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein said 10 followers are substantially rectangular with their longer dimension inclined in substantially the direction of the path of their actuators respectively.

34. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein each of said selective bars bears as many followers as there are lower case and upper case characters of the same space unit value as that of the selective bar.

35. A variable spacing typewriter as set forth in claim 25 wherein said mechanism includes a plurality of selective bars for typing characters of one case.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,071,254 McRaven Aug. 26, 1913 1,163,986 Drewell Dec. 14, 1915 1,868,288 Harvard July 19, 1932 2,298,805 Norton Oct. 13, 1942 2,385,036 Smathers Sept. 18, 1945 2,794,530 Liebmann June 4, 1957 

